Child Birth: An End And A Beginning
Child Birth: An End And A Beginning
The reproductive role of human female is more complex than those of the male. Not only do female produce eggs, but after fertilization, they also nourish, carry and protect the developing young one.
Just after birth baby explore a new world. Mother provides nourishment and protection during the whole pregnancy period. After birth mother also provides support for few years so that baby can survive in this world.
About 266 after fertilization, or 280 days from the beginning of the last menstruation period, the human infant is born. The birth process is called parturition. During parturition, the mother's uterine muscles begin to contract, and the cervix begins to dilute, or open. The hormone relaxin, produce by the ovaries and placenta, causes the mother's pelvic bones to slightly separate so that the baby can pass through the birth canal.
Changing hormone levels initiate parturition. When it is time for the baby to be born, its pituitary gland secrets adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), which stimulates the adrenal glands to secret steroids. This steroid stimulates the placenta to produce prostaglandins that, along with the hormone oxytocin from the mother's pituitary, cause the uterus to begin powerful muscular contractions.
The contractions build in length and increase in frequency over a period that usually last from 2 to 18 hours. During that time, the cervix becomes fully dilated, and the amniotic sac ruptures. Usually with in an hour of these events, the baby is expelled from the uterus. After the baby emerges uterine contractions continue to expel the afterbirth.
The umbilical cord is severed, and the newborn embarks on its nurtured existence in the outside world. Just after the birth lactation period starts for the baby till his digestive system can digest solid food. Now the young one is ready to face all the environmental changes for his survival.
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